Fritz Jakob Haber(German:[ˈfʁɪt͡sˈhaːbɐ]ⓘ; 9 December 1868 – 29 January 1934) was a Germanchemistwho received theNobel Prize in Chemistryin 1918 for his invention of theHaber process, a method used in industry to synthesizeammoniafromnitrogengas andhydrogengas. This invention is important for the large-scale synthesis offertilizersandexplosives.It is estimated that a third of annual global food production uses ammonia from the Haber–Bosch process, and that this food supports nearly half the world's population.For this work, Haber has been called one of the most important scientists and industrial chemists in human history.Haber also, along withMax Born, proposed theBorn–Haber cycleas a method for evaluating thelattice energyof anionic solid. Haber, a known German nationalist, is also considered the "father ofchemical warfare" for his years of pioneering work developing andweaponizing chlorineand other poisonous gases duringWorld War I. He first proposed the use of the heavier-than-airchlorinegas as a weapon to break thetrench deadlockduring theSecond Battle of Ypres. His work was later used, without his direct involvement,to develop theZyklon Bpesticide used for the killing of more than 1 million Jews ingas chambersin the greater context ofthe Holocaust. Following theNazis' rise to powerin 1933, Haber resigned from his position. Already in poor health, he spent time in various countries beforeChaim Weizmanninvited him to become the director of the Sieff Research Institute (now theWeizmann Institute) inRehovot,Mandatory Palestine. He accepted the offer but died ofheart failuremid-journey in aBasel, Switzerland hotel on 29 January 1934, aged 65. Fields: Physical chemistry Education: University of Heidelberg University of Berlin PhD Technische Universität Berlin