Svante August Arrhenius(/əˈriːniəs,əˈreɪniəs/ə-REE-nee-əs, -⁠RAY-,Swedish:[ˈsvânːtɛaˈrěːnɪɵs]; 19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedishscientist. Originally aphysicist, but often referred to as achemist, Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science ofphysical chemistry. In 1903, he received theNobel Prize in Chemistry, becoming the firstSwedishNobel laureate. In 1905, he became the director of the Nobel Institute, where he remained until his death. Arrhenius was the first to use the principles ofphysical chemistryto estimate the extent to which increases in the atmosphericcarbon dioxideare responsible for the Earth's increasing surface temperature. His work played an important role in the emergence of modernclimate science.In the 1960s,Charles David Keelingreliably measured the level of carbon dioxide present in the air showing it was increasing and that, according to the greenhouse hypothesis, it was sufficient to cause significantglobal warming. TheArrhenius equation,Arrhenius acid, Arrhenius base,lunarcraterArrhenius,MartiancraterArrhenius,the mountain ofArrheniusfjellet, and the Arrhenius Labs atStockholm Universitywere so named to commemorate his contributions to science. Fields: Physics, Chemistry